Metonymy and Decreasing

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

student of Bu Ali University

Abstract

Metonymy has been studied first as a semantic trick in creating poetry and then as one of the features of everyday speech in different lexical semantic approaches. Opposed to its classic definition, we cannot consider metonymy as the application of a word in its literal meaning or in the meaning of the other word. The present article studies this process with data in the Persian language. It concludes that what is investigated as metonymy in its traditional definition and especially in different lexical semantic approaches, is just a kind of the application of "decreasing". Decreasing includes much more cases, and what is presented as the cases of metonymy is just part of the function of this process. Basically, there is no process as metonymy in its traditional view. In other words, there is no synchronic metonymy.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

-  شمیسا، سیروس (1374)، بیان و معانی، تهران: فردوس.
-  زرین‏کوب، عبدالحسین (1354)، نقد ادبی، تهران: امیرکبیر.
-  صفوی، کورش (1383)،  از زبان‏شناسی به ادبیات، جلد اول: نظم (چاپ دوم)، تهران: سورة مهر.
-  صفوی، کورش (1389)، سرگردان در فلسفة ادبیات، تهران: انجمن شاعران ایران.
-  صفوی، کورش (1391 الف)، نگاهی تازه به فرآیند مجاز در زبان ادب فارسی، نوشته های پراکنده؛ دفتر اول، معنی‏شناسی، تهران: نشر علمی، صص. 87-112.
-  صفوی، کورش (1391 ب)، آشنایی با زبان‏شناسی در مطالعات ادب فارسی، تهران: نشر علمی.
-  عباسپور، هومن (1376)، حذف، فرهنگنامه‏ی ادب فارسی (2)، انوشه، ح. (سرپرست)، تهران: سازمان چاپ و انتشارات وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی، صص. 525-526. 
-  کزّازی، میرجلال‏الدین (1368)، زیباشناسی سخن پارسی، ج 2، بیان، تهران: مرکز.
-  Brown, Edward Killoran and Miller, James E. (2013), The Cambridge Dictionary of Linguistics, Cambridge University Press.
-  Esnault, Gaston (1925), Métaphores occidentales: essai sur les valeurs imaginatives concrètes du français parlé en Basse-Bretagne comparé avec les patois, parlers techniques et argots français, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
-  Evans, Vyvyan (2006), Lexical concepts, cognitive models and meaning construction, Cognitive Linguistics 17-4, pp. 491-534.
-  Evans, Vyvyan (2009), How Words Mean, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-  Evans, Vyvyan and Green, Georgia M. (2006), Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction, Edinburgh University Press.
-  Geeraerts, Dirk (2010), Theories of Lexical Semantics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-  Jackendoff, Ray (2002), Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution, Oxford University Press.
-  Jakobson, Ray (1971), The Metaphoric and Metonymic Poles, R. Jakobson and M. Halle (eds), Fundamentals of Language, The Hague: Mouton. 2, pp. 90-96.
-  Lakoff, George and Johnson, Mark (1980), Metaphors We Live By, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
-  Nyrop, Kristoffer (1901–34), Ordenes liv, Copenhagen: Gyldendalske Boghandel Nordisk Forlag.
-  Paul, Hermann (1920), Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte, Halle: Niemeyer, 5th edn.
-  Waag, A. (1908), Bedeutungsentwicklung unseres Wortschatzes: Ein Blick in das Seelenleben der Worter, Lahr: Schauenburg, 2nd edn.
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics