Participant-oriented dependents in Persian

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Linguistics department, BASU

Abstract

This paper studies some of the less-studied constructions in Persian in which a dependent describes a participant in a clause. The participants which are described or attributed a feature are normally subject and object, but sometimes complements, too. These dependents are either complements or adjuncts. The complements could be subject complements, object complements and complement of prepositional complement. The participant-oriented adjuncts include adverbial adjuncts and predicative adjuncts. The adverbial adjuncts are agent-oriented adverbs. The predicative adjuncts are in three groups: resultative, predicative and circumstantial. This paper introduces this novel categorization of participant-oriented dependents with some criteria to distinguish among them.
 

Keywords

References

-  احمدی گیوی، حسن و ‌انوری، حسن (1375). دستور زبان فارسی، ویرایش دوم. تهران: فاطمی.
-  انوشه، مزدک (1397). «محمول­های ثانویه در زبان فارسی، رویکردی کمینه­گرا». پژوهش­های زبانی، س 9، ش 2: 1-21.
-  راسخ­مهند، محمد (1382). «قید فعل و قید جمله در زبان فارسی»، زبان­شناسی، سال هجدهم، شمارة اول، 95-101.
-  راسخ­مهند، محمد (1399). «او کور به دنیا آمد؛ معرفی ساخت تشریحی در زبان فارسی». نامه فرهنگستان، ش 67: 60 -74.
-  طباطبایی، علاءالدین (1395). فرهنگ توصیفی دستور زبان فارسی. تهران: فرهنگ معاصر.
-  کریمی دوستان، غلامحسین و وحیده تجلی (1398). «نگاهی نو به قید حالت در زبان فارسی»، جستارهای زبانی، ش 52: 259-281.
-  Boas, H. C. (2003). Resultative constructions in English and German, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
-  Broccias, C. (2004). “The cognitive basis of adjectival and adverbial resultative constructions.” Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 2: 103-126.
-  Culicover, P. and Jackendoff, R. (1997). “Semantic subordination despite syntactic coordination”, Linguistic Inquiry, 28, 2: 195–217.
-  Davidson, D. (1969). “The Individuation of Events”. In: N. Resher (ed.). Essays in Honor of Carl G. Hempel. Dordrecht: Reidel. 216–234.
-  Foli, R.; Harley, H.; and Karimi, S. (2005). “Determinants of event types in Persian complex predicates”, Lingua, 115 (10): 1365-1401.
-  Geuder, W. (2000). Oriented Adverbs. Issues in the Lexical Semantics of Event Verbs. PhD dissertation, Konstanz.
-  Goldberg, A. (1991). “A semantic account of resultatives”. Linguistic Analysis, 21:66-96. 
-  Goldberg, A. E; & Jackendoff, R. (2004). “The English resultative as a family of constructions”, Language, 80: 532-568.
-  Halliday, Michael A. K. (1967). “Notes on transitivity and theme in English”, part 1, Journal of Linguistics, 3: 37-81.
-  Himmelmann, N. P. and Schultze-Berndt, E. (2005). “Issues in the syntax and semantics of participant-oriented adjuncts: an introduction”. Himmelmann, N. P. and Schultze-Berndt, E. (eds.). Secondary Predication and Adverbial Modification: The Typology of Depictives, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-  Hoekstra, T. (1988). “Small clause results”, Lingua, 74: 101–39.
-  Huddleston, R. and Pullum, G. K. (2002). The Cambridge grammar of the English language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-  Kratzer, A. (1995). “Stage-level and Individual-level Predicates”. In: G. N. Carlson & F. J. Pelletier (eds.). The Generic Book. Chicago, London: University of Chicago Press. 125–175
-  Kratzer, A. (2005). “Building Resultatives”. In: Event Arguments in Syntax, Semantics, and Discourse, ed. C. Maienbom and A. Wollenstein-Leisten. Ttibingen: Niemeyer. 177-212.
-  Levin, B., and Rappaport Hova, M. (1990). “Wiping the slate clean: A lexical semantic exploration”, Cognition, 41: 55-123.
-  Levin, B., and Rappaport Hova, M. (1995). Unaccusativity: At the syntax-lexical semantics interface. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
-  Nichols, Johanna (1978). Secondary Predicates. Proceedings of the 4th Annual Meeting of the Berkley Linguistics Society, 114-127.
-  Richter, Michael; van Hout, Roeland (2010). “Why some verbs can form a resultative construction while others cannot: Decomposing semantic binding”. Lingua. 120 (8): 2006–2021. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2010.02.007
-  Rothstein, S. (2006). “Secondary Predication”. In: M. Everaert and H.V. Riemsdijk (Eds). The Blackwell Companion to Syntax (IV: 209-234). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
-  Schultze-Berndt, E and Himmelmann, N. P. (2004). “Depictive secondary predicates in crosslinguistic perspective”. Linguistic Typology, 8: 59-131.
-  Simpson, J. (1983). “Resultatives”. In Papers in Lexical-Functional Grammar. Levin, L., Rappaport, M. and A. Zaenen (eds.). Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club. 143-157.
-  Stump, G. T. (1985). The semantic variability of absolute constructions. Dordrecht/ Boston / Lancaster: Dr. Riedel Publishing Company.
-  Wechsler, S. (2001). “An analysis of English resultatives under the event-argument homomorphism model of telicity”. Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Text Structure, University of Texas, Austin, October 2000, 13–15.
-  Wechsler, S. (2005). “Resultatives under the event-argument-homomorphism model of telicity”. In: Erteschik-Shir, N., Rapoport, T. (Eds.), The Syntax of Aspect—Deriving Thematic and Aspectual Interpretation, Oxford University Press, 255–273.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics