Ways of expressing subjunctivity and uses of subjunctive forms in Persian

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Shiraz University

2 Department of foreign languages and linguistics, College of Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars

Abstract

Among non-indicative verbal forms, subjunctive is of most uses. This form not only plays the most important functions in expressing modal concepts, but also has a close relationship with 'aspect'. In this paper, the ways in which subjunctive concepts are expressed different uses of subjunctive forms are studeid. Based on the findings of the research, there are at least six ways in which modal concepts are expressed in Persian all of which carry subjunctive forms. Subjunctive forms play at least fifteen different functions which are divided into two categories, namely, prototypical vs non-prototypical. All these functions share one feature: there is no guarantee for the actualization of the event or situation in question. As far as meaning is concerned all subjunctive forms function within a single network in center of which there exists a prototypical meaning. All other non-prototypical meanings are derived from this prototypical meaning.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

-  اکبری، منوچهر و ولی‌پور، مونا (1395)، «نقد و تحلیل انواع وجه فعلی در فارسی»، ادب فارسی، سال ششم، شماره 2، 15-1.
-  حسینی، امیر (1386)، «چگونگی بیان مفهوم «التزام» در زبان‌های روسی و فارسی»، پژوهش‌ زبان‌های خارجی، شماره 39، 53-39.
-  رحیمیان، جلال (1378)، «وجه فعل در فارسی امروز»، مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز، شماره 14، شماره 2.
-  رحیمیان، جلال و عموزاده، محمد (1392)، «افعال وجهی در زبان فارسی و بیان وجهیت»، پژوهش‌های زبانی، دوره 4، شماره 2، 40-21.
-  عموزاده، محمد؛ رضائی حدائق (1391)، «بررسی مفاهیم وجهی زمان دستوری در زبان فارسی»، پژوهش‌های زبانی، دوره 3 شماره 1 (پیاپی 4)، 76-53.
-  کریمی دوستان، غلامحسین و ایلخانی پور، نگین (1391)، «نظام وجهیت در زبان فارسی»، پژوهش‌های زبانی، دوره 3 شماره 1، 98-77.
-  مظاهری، جمشید؛ هاشمی، سید مرتضی و متولی، سید مهدی (1383)، «بررسی و تحلیل وجه التزامی در دستور زبان فارسی»، مجله مطالعات و پژوهش‌های دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه اصفهان، شماره 38، 108-95.
-  Amouzadeh, Mohammad, Mohammad Tavangar and Shahnaseri (2012), Subjective modality in Persian and English parallel texts, in Subjectivity in Language and Discourse. Nicole Baumgarten, Inke Du Bois and Julian House (eds. 245-266). East Sussex: Emerald Group Publishing.
-  Evans, Vyvyan and Melanie Green (2006), CognitiveLinguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
-  Huddleston, R D and G K Pullum (2002), The Cambridge grammar of the English language. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
-  Narrog, H. (2005), “on defining modality again”, Language Sciences, 27, 165-192.
-  Palmer, Frank (1998), Mood and Modality: Basic principles. In: Brown, K and J. Miller (Eds.) Oxford: Elsevier, 229-235. Concise Encyclopedia of Grammatical Categories.
-  Portner (2009), Modality. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
-  Rahimian, Jalal and Zohreh Vahedi (2010), “The Semantic-pragmatic analysis of Persioan Modal verbs based on Papfragou's Model”. Ladz Papers in Pragmatics 6.1: 67-116.
-  Tavangar, Mohammad and Mohammad Amouzadeh (2009), “Subjective modality and tense in Persian”. Language and Science. 31. 853-873.
-  Tavangar, Mohammad and Mohammad Amouzadeh (2009), “Subjective modality and tense in Persian”. Language and Science. 31. 853-873.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics